Summary

The most common programming model is imperative programming which conceives of a program as a set of instructions issued to the computer.

There are only six+1 key instruction types:

Three elementary ones:

input

gets a value from the input stream and stores it in memory,

processing

processes/combines/manipulates values stored in memory and stores the result in memory,

output

sends a value to the output stream.

and four control structures:

sequential processing

in which statements are executed one at a time in sequence,

selection

in which one group of statements or another, but not both, are executed,

repetition

in which a group of statements is executed repeatedly,

modularity

in which code is broken into chunks that can be named and manipulated.